Professional Development Of The Teachers †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Examine about the Professional Development Of The Teachers. Answer: Presentation The report examines the ways to deal with proficient improvement of the educators with the assistance of Numan standards approach. It further depicts the execution of the standards in the expert advancement of the instructors. The significance of the standards is additionally bolstered with certain models. In the following piece of the report insights concerning the school objectives and understudy needs and its significance are referenced. The significance of the school objectives and understudies needs and there connection with the expert advancement of the instructors are additionally clarified with the assistance of certain models followed by end. Nunan standards for proficient improvement of instructors These standards are connected with the expert advancement of the educators based on a few viewpoints, so that to improve polished methodology and nature of instruction scattering towards the students. Standard 1: This is a significant idea which demonstrates that the learning approach and strategies for learning in the childrens and the grown-ups are unique so it is necessitated that the educators are required to understand that the obligation they are having in their psyches with the goal that they give better figuring out how to the understudies (Alsagoff, et al., 2012). It is regularly observed that the instructors having acknowledgment about the obligations are having better learning strategies and clarifications for the understudies with the goal that understudies learn in better manner. It is likewise proposed that they are having more expert conduct as opposed to other people. Rule 2: It centers towards learning through encounters and ceaseless practice. There are parcels to gain from disappointment of somebody, so it is expected to utilize the encounters present with the educators to improve showing strategies and information. Standard 3: It is required to design the work with the goal that it is being actualized in a superior manner so increasingly improved approaches to be recommended by educators from their encounters over extensive stretch of time to improve learning materials and way to deal with study. Rule 4: In this piece of the standard it is engaged to create steps with the goal that learning is partitioned in such a way, that the information on the experts is unmistakably appeared in the learning materials and projects. Standard 5: This standard spotlights on the acknowledgment to the instructors about the information they are having and its assessment with the goal that they feel supported improving the lacking zones or those having absence of mindfulness towards their insight will spur towards investigation of the information. Rule 6: Finally is necessitated that the educators actualize the learnings in to rehearse from the remainder of the standards to shape an inclining model. It is additionally imperative to rehearse these practices in day by day schedule to improve proficient character and learning workshops. Use of the standards There is contrast in the learnings of the childrens and the grown-ups so it is necessitated that the learning style that will be utilized for the significant level students ought to appear as something else. So it is significant that the educators additionally develop rehearses according to the changing needs of the learning, it's anything but a decent method to learn as the youngster learns in the homeroom instructing. There is have to have increasingly useful and application based realizing with the goal that the students have improvement of the systematic abilities and necessities to design work. It tends to be actualized with absolute initial step that is self bearing it is required that the instructors know about the duties (McCulloch and Noonan, 2013). They should utilize the experience they need to build up a learning material which comprises of hypothetical just as pragmatic ramifications so that to improve learning. It is additionally expected to give timemanagement and impo rtance of the investigation with the goal that it very well may be created in progressively legitimate manner. Educators must practice these abilities by and by to accomplish flawlessness (Watts, 2015). It is likewise significant that educators are roused and mindful about the significance of the learning in their expert and individual life towards high learning. They are additionally need to move towards innovation realizing so they can work together with the researchers to grow better training materials. Pertinence of standards It is obligatorily required to check the handiness of the expert created ventures, so it is confirmed with the assistance of the consolidated preparing programs for the educators. It will assist with urging the instructors to create themselves as their associates. Assume there are three instructors in a college showing showcasing, initial one is concentrating on hypothesis based learning, second is just centered around handy learning concentrated on review, poll and investigation of items and third is centered around the two techniques for study (Calderhead, 2012). So the learnings from every one of the three will be distinctive for the understudies yet on the off chance that they get together and trade a few thoughts and information than it will be much better to build up a learning material which will having hypothetical information to comprehend the ideas reasonable studies and testing. It will rouse the others towards learning this ability. So making rivalry among the instructors will assist with growing increasingly proficient turn of events (McCulloch and Noonan, 2013). It is essential to get to the abilities this should be possible with the assistance of review having various inquiries identifying with the individual encounters and learnings during showing the researchers, this will assist them with knowing the lacking territories and qualities which they can use to build up the learning materials for the understudies for proficient advancement of themselves. School objectives and evaluation of understudies need School objectives are set up for the improved learning of the understudies it incorporates the contemplations and qualities that are to be taught in the understudies concentrating in a foundation. It centers around the general advancement of the researchers, for example, learnings about different fields, sports and social exercises. It additionally centered around the advancement of the understudies with the assistance of assessment on the different criterias and rivalries so they will create in the psychological and physical angles (Parkay, et al., 2014). It additionally assists with instilling development and encounters for the understudies helping them in the dynamic in future. It is additionally critical to get to the understudies needs according to the current evolving condition. Getting to the necessities of the understudies assists with arranging and build up the learning materials in such a way in this way, that it covers all the parts of study which improves the understudies information (Brookhart, 2011). So school objectives are significant for the advancement of the understudies however it very well may be improved to meet the objectives with the assistance of getting to the understudies needs. Connection of school objectives and understudies needs in proficient improvement of instructors Experts improvement of the instructors is following stage in the learning of the educators; learning is a deep rooted process which is should have been proceeding for the advancement of an individual. It is important to create experts character in the instructors as it will result to find out the present situation in the business. This is additionally a nonstop procedure which likewise encourages the instructors to produce a view towards the entire investigations of the understudies instead of the restricted methodology of simply educating in the study hall and get familiar with certain ideas Mizell,(2010). Proficient improvement prompts create school objectives and to think about the material to be remembered for the learning materials followed by the useful undertakings identified with the understudies realizing so it will supportive in the general advancement of the researchers. The essential objective of the schools is to give acceptable training to all the understudies taken affirmation in the foundation. Improvement of expert learning will assist with building certainty among the instructor to design learns at the study hall so all the understudies are shrouded in the educating. It might be action based instructing or distributing ventures in gatherings so that to improve training measures. It is likewise observed that nature of educating is significant for the learning of the researchers proficient advancement will help in improving the training quality and encouraging strategies utilized for change (Reading First, 2005). It is required to anticipate preparing of the educators toward the start of the meeting with the goal that they plan for the entire year exercises to be sorted out for the understudy learning. It is likewise required to mindful understudies about the extent of the investigation with the goal that they look into the learning. It addition ally assists with changing the information on the educator in to the constrained time which is significant for each expert so the crowd will associate and comprehend the idea. School objectives and understudies needs are the standards for the expert improvement of the instructors, in view of the objectives educator need to design the action and learning schedule accomplish the understudies need. In like manner it is likewise conceivable that schools give proficient preparing so instructors break down and assess inside to change in the learning strategies or course material to improve it (Zepeda, 2012). Testing and assessment of the understudies based on pen and paper strategy is likewise overwhelmed with the assistance of instructor improvement. Proficient advancement assists with improving the character of the instructors so the methodology towards the different exercises is changed (Reece and Walker, 2016). It likewise result to an arranged timetable of work, propertime the executives and remembering all the more learning techniques for the talks it additionally improves the inner attention to the educators to improve them as better training supplier to light up the method of the understudies. Significance of models Proficient improvement causes the educators to help certainty and deliberate anticipating the exercises. Without this the vast majority of the educators neglects to design and even there is nonattendance of plannin

Joyce Campbell :: Short Stories Papers

Joyce Campbell Melissa Everett was sitting easily in her turn seat gazing down on the bustling city of New York. She groggily started conversing with herself: â€Å"How fortunate I am,† she thought. â€Å"My life is so immaculate at this moment, my family bolsters me and I have incredible friends.† She serenely checks out her enormous office and contemplates internally, â€Å"And look how far I have come!† She recalls her battles and to her move up the organizations last mentioned. â€Å"Without the assistance of Joyce, I and a few of the other female officials of Tie Technologies would not be here. How could she do it? I wonder how it was back then†¦.† Melissa eyes developed marginally overwhelming, her head loaded up with musings and she immediately slipped into a light sleep†¦. June 27th, 1957. The sun was out; the sky was blue, cleaned with just a couple of white mists. Toward the beginning of today resembled some other morning: Typical. The sun was sparkling heartily onto the houses, vehicles and individuals of Apple Lane. Number 203, home to Gregory and Judy Stephenson was a clamor. This recently assembled enormous block home is encircled with others indistinguishable from itself. In this rural neighborhood, the lanes are jumbled with kids and mother’s offering farewells to their friends and family as the men drive to their work. Judy stands waving delicately to the old Cadillac pulling out of the garage. Her skirt blows into the air, and her wispy blonde blasts clear to the side of her face. She holds her child young lady in her arms and contacts the shoulder of the little youngster beneath her. It’s early, she dresses her youngsters for school and scoops them out of the entryway an hour or so later. She stitches, prepares a couple of clum ps of treats for her returning kids, strolls to the market to buy the essential things for supper - heated potatoes, carrots and flank steaks - and chooses to stroll over to her companion Joyce's home. She shows up; sadly the base inch of her skirt has been solidified with wet residue, and approaches a young lady with a major straw cap on perusing unobtrusively on her patio. It is normal. Judy plunks down close to her takes out her new sentimental novel and chooses to go make herself cold lemonade.

Frémont, John Charles

Frémont, John Charles Frémont, John Charles, 1813â€"90, American explorer, soldier, and political leader, b. Savannah, Ga. He taught mathematics to U.S. naval cadets, then became an assistant on a surveying expedition (1838â€"39) between the upper Mississippi River and the Missouri. He eloped (1841) with Jessie, daughter of Senator Thomas H. Benton , who, after he became reconciled to the match, helped his son-in-law secure command of an expedition to explore the Des Moines River. The next year (1842) Frémont headed an expedition to the Rocky Mts. with Kit Carson as guide, and in 1843â€"44, with first Thomas Fitzpatrick and then Carson as guide, he went to Oregon. He explored the Nevada country, crossed the Sierra Nevada to California, and returned home by a more southerly route. His enthusiastic reports created wide interest in Western scenery and Western concerns. In 1845 he again went to California. Under his influence American settlers there raised the standard of revolt against the Mexican aut horities and set up (1846) the Bear Flag republic at Sonoma. The arrival of Stephen W. Kearny and Commodore Robert Stockton resulted in a quarrel, as both had orders placing them in command. Frémont sided with Stockton and accepted from him an appointment as civil governor. When Kearny received orders indicating that Stockton was not his superior, Frémont was arrested, court-martialed, and found guilty. The penalty was remitted by President Polk, but Frémont, proud and injured, resigned from government service. In 1848 he led an ill-judged and disastrous effort to locate passes for a transcontinental railroad. His fortunes climbed after gold was discovered on his California estate, although he was deprived of some of his wealth by the sharp practice of others. He served briefly (1850â€"51) as one of the first U.S. senators from California, and the Republicans chose him as their presidential candidate in 1856. In the Civil War he was given command of the Western Dept., but h is radical policy toward slavery and slaveholders, both of which he abhorred, led to his removal. He was given a new command, but, when placed under the orders of John Pope, he resigned. Unsuccessful attempts (1870) to build a railroad to the Pacificâ€"accompanied by actions of his agents that roused sharp criticismâ€"cost him his fortune. Beggared, he struggled on, supported by his wife's earnings from writing and by his appointment as governor of Arizona Territory (1878â€"1883). In 1890 he was belatedly given a pension but did not live long to enjoy it. The Pathfinder, as he is sometimes called, is one of the most controversial figures of Western history. His critics call him braggart and charlatan; his supporters point to his courage, his handling of men, and his determination to open the West. Bibliography Frémont's early reports were combined as Report of the Exploring Expedition to the Rocky Mountains in the Year 1842, and to Oregon and North California in the Years 1 843â€"44 (1845). His memoirs (1887) are disappointing and incomplete. See also biography by A. Nevins (rev. ed. 1955); R. J. Bartlett, John C. Frémont and the Republican Party (1930, repr. 1970); W. Brandon, The Men and the Mountain (1955); L. and A. W. Hafen, ed., Frémont's Fourth Expedition (1960); D. Roberts, Kit Carson, John C. Frémont and the Claiming of the American West (2000); S. Denton, Passion and Principle: John and Jessie Frémont (2007). The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. History: Biographies

Sensory Deficit of Touch, Its Pain and Acupuncture - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 12 Words: 3724 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/09/20 Category Health Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? Running Head: TOUCH, PAIN, ACUPUNCTURE Sensory Deficit of Touch, its Pain and Acupuncture Applied Learning Paper Debra A. Hankerson Abstract This writer will be exploring the topic, Is acupuncture an effective therapeutic treatment for the chronic pain associated with the sensory deficit of touch? Touch will be explored; what it is, causes for deficit of touch, chronic pain associated with the deficit, and the effects of the deficit. Acupuncture will be defined; its historical background and society’s acceptance or rejection of its use. This writer will identify its relevance as an alternative medicine for chronic pain either supporting or detracting in answering the topic question. Evaluate whether the research findings helped to answer the topic question. Concluding with what was learned; if it changed the perspective on the theory, did the writer’s Christian faith inform or bias the investigation, and does the theory fit within the Christian worldview. Int roduction After reading about sensory deficits and acupuncture in the text book I began to wonder if new inroads had been made in the acupuncture therapeutic treatment as a long-term solution when dealing with pain and the deficit of touch. The focus of my paper being, â€Å"Is acupuncture an effective therapeutic treatment for the chronic pain associated with the sensory deficit of touch? † My interest this topic came about because I have this sensory deficit; have gone through acupuncture as a therapeutic treatment to relieve pain. I was also interested to find out if there have been new inroads with this treatment as far as a long-term relief. For me it was not successful. Touch Touch is the sense that enables an organism to get information about things that are in direct contact with its body. As one of the five senses, touch allows a person to feel heat, cold, pain, and pressure. â€Å"The sense of touch is the only sense experienced all over the body† (Land au, 2008). Touch has been called â€Å"the mother of senses†, perhaps because it was the first to develop in evolution. Touch is the earliest sensory system to develop in all animal species. The term touch includes several tactile senses: pressure, pain, temperature, and all muscle movements. Bruno and Carnagie (2001) state, â€Å"Touch is a very important sense, since it tells an organism a great deal about its immediate environment. † Bruno and Carnagie’s point is that touch is essential for our everyday well being. Touch is described as a group of senses by which contact with objects gives evidence as to their qualities, as registered by the skin and mucous membranes. Barth (2010) says, â€Å"There are several kinds of touch organs, called tactile corpuscles, in the skin and the mucous membranes. The sense of touch is identified with the largest organ in the human body – the skin. The fingers are more sensitive than any other area because they have more nerve endings. These changes help us to understand the causes. Causes of Touch Deficit The largest touch sensor, the Pacinian corpuscle, is located in the hypodermis, the innermost thick fatty layer of skin. This area responds to vibration. A disruption of the free nerve endings which are neutrons that originate in the spinal cord causes the transmission of information about temperature and pain to be somewhat non-existent (Strickland, 2001). This disruption is the result of injury, infection, and/or disease. With these significant changes, we need to understand just how touch deficit affects an individual. The Effects of Touch Deficit The loss or impairment of the ability to feel anything touched is called tactile anesthesia. Paresthesia is a sensation of tingling, pricking, or numbness of the skin that may result from nerve damage and may be permanent or temporary. Touch has widespread distribution, unlike the sensory receptors for sight, vision, smell, and taste which ar e clustered in the head (Angier, 2008). The disruption of the touch receptors heightens the pain receptors which are nerve bundles with bare endings that fire when surrounding tissue is damaged. This in turn causes the lessening of the feelings we identify with touch. The loss of these feelings may result in chronic pain due to the touch deficit. Chronic Pain Associated with the Touch Deficit Chronic pain is pain that lasts longer than six months. According to Field (2003), â€Å"People with chronic pain become depressed due to the ineffectiveness of the drugs they are taking and the dramatic changes in lifestyle they experience. Basically, Field is saying that chronic pain can turn a person’s life upside down. Individuals with chronic pain seem to have low endorphin levels. Alternately, any related nerve deficit damage could be the reason for the consumed body supply of natural painkilling opiates and this would reduce the effectiveness of natural endorphins. Most chroni c pain disorders are unresponsive to surgical, pharmacological, or other medical interventions. The use of touch and pressure treatments (acupuncture, acupressure, massage therapy, etc. have proven to effective because they reduce anxiety levels, which tend to aggravate pain, and they also increase the productivity of necessary endorphins. We need to understand the components of pain and the psychological affects. Components and Psychological Cost of Chronic Pain Pain is the result of a chain reaction that involves all parts of the nervous system, including the brain. Pain has four components: stimulus, perception, suffering, and pain behavior. Despite intense research, chronic pain is still poorly understood by the medical community. According to Chapman (2010), â€Å"Many pain specialists believe chronic pain occurs because of a breakdown in the normal system of checks and balances that keep the nervous system functioning properly. † Chapman’s point is that there is a malfunction within the nervous system. People with chronic pain are deprived of the peace of mind that comes with knowing their pain will end. Because peace of mind is important to the healing process, chronic pain can convert a person into an invalid. Psychological damage is often incurred with chronic pain, which can alter a sufferer’s personality. Sufferers withdraw from pleasurable activities, public outings and family, leaving often depressed, bitter, anxious, or helpless. These negative thoughts and feelings help create a vicious cycle of worsening pain and unhappiness. These symptoms are the basis for chronic pain syndrome. Chapman tells us, â€Å"Although there is no cure for chronic pain syndrome, people with this condition can take steps to help close the pain gates and reduce their psychological suffering† (2010). In other words, Chapman is saying that it’s up to the individual to take responsibility for how they regain normalcy in relation to their condition. Both the disease and illness can viewed as the complex interaction of biological, psychological and social factors. Biopsychosocial Factors Disease can be defined as a biological event involving the disruption of specific body structures or organ systems caused by anatomical, pathological, or physiological changes. In contrast, illness may be a subjective experience that a disease is present. In Gatchel, Peng, Peters, Fuchs, Turk ( 2007) view, â€Å"The distinction between disease and illness is analogous to the distinction that can be made between nociception and pain. Nociception involves the stimulation of nerves that convey information about potential tissue damage to the brain. In contrast, pain is the subjective perception that results from the transduction, transmission, and modulation of sensory information (p. 582). † The psychosocial factors involve both emotion and cognition. Emotion is the more immediate reaction to nociception and is more midbrain based. Cognitions then attach meaning to the emotional experience and can then trigger additional emotional reactions and thereby amplify the experience of pain, thus perpetuating a vicious circle of nicoception, pain, distress, and disability. Acupuncture Acupunctureis a method of producing analgesia or altering the function of a system of the body by inserting fine, wire-thin needles into the skin on the body along a series of lines, or channels, called meridians. The needles are twirled or energized electrically or warmed. Acupuncture originated in the Far East and has gained increasing attention in the West since the early 1970s. Historical Foundation of Acupuncture Acupuncture is generally held to have originated in China, being first mentioned in documents dating from a few hundred years leading up to the Common Era. Sharpened stones and bones that date from about 6000 BCE have been interpreted as instruments for acupuncture treatment , but they may simply have been used as surgical instruments for drawing blood or lancing abscesses . In her book, â€Å"Is Acupuncture Right for You? †, Kidson maintains that â€Å"Documents discovered in the Ma-Wang-Dui tomb in China, which was sealed in 198 BCE, contain no reference to acupuncture as such, but do refer to a system of meridians, albeit very different from the model that was accepted later. Speculation surrounds the tattoo marks seen on the ‘Ice Man’ who died in about 3300 BCE and whose body was revealed when an Alpine glacier melted. These tattoos might indicate that a form of stimulatory treatment similar to acupuncture developed quite independently of China† (2008). The first document that unequivocally described an organized system of diagnosis and treatment which is recognized as acupuncture is The Yellow Emperor’s Classic of Internal Medicine, dating from about 100 BCE. The information is presented in the form of questions by the Emperor and learne d replies from his minister, Chi-Po. The text is likely to be a compilation of traditions handed down over centuries, presented in terms of the prevailing Taoist philosophy, and is still cited in support of particular therapeutic techniques. The concepts of channels (meridians or conduits) in which the Qi (vital energy or life force) flowed are well established by this time, though the precise anatomical locations of acupuncture points developed later. Society’s Acceptance or Rejection In exploring the topic, â€Å"Is acupuncture an effective treatment for the chronic pain associated with the sensory deficit of touch? I found several diverse opinion’s in reference to what society thinks of acupuncture. According to Dr. Andrew Hamilton (2009, p. 22) in a magazine article he wrote entitled ‘Try telling my patients that acupuncture doesn’t work’, he is quoted as saying, â€Å"I have found acupuncture gives rapid, and often long-term relief, throug h its action of local muscle relaxation and central endorphin release. Despite the skepticism of a few, acupuncture is fast becoming an established part of conventional medicine. † In other words, Dr. Hamilton believes that acupuncture is a viable treatment for chronic pain in any area. However, in a contradictory article by Simon Singh (2008, p. 20) in a London Newspaper entitled, ‘Don’t believe the lie of the needle acupuncture is gaining credibility in medical circles’, he critiqued three trials with one using a placebo. He is quoted as saying, â€Å"Two out of three failed to show that real acupuncture offers any significant benefit beyond the fake treatment†. Singh believes that there is no significant benefit to acupuncture treatment. As with anything in today’s society there are pros and cons, differing opinions concerning acupuncture as a treatment associated with chronic pain. Here in the United States, our own Washington Post n ewspaper in an article by Ellen Edwards (2009), entitled ‘Millions Embrace Acupuncture, Despite Thin Evidence’ did an in depth study of local doctors and hospital physicians in all fields. Here article said that the American Medical Association takes no position specifically on acupuncture, saying â€Å"there is little evidence to confirm the safety and efficacy of most alternative therapies (p. 4). † Although she received this statement from the AMA, during her research she found significant evidence to personally embrace acupuncture. She was quoted as saying, â€Å"I felt it had helped other people, and it might help me. I don’t know how it works, but it’s got 4,000 years of Chinese medicine behind it (p. 4). † The essence of Edwards’ argument is with number of years used by the Chinese, there has to be some benefits from the acupuncture therapy. Acupuncture as a Treatment In reviewing the research I found when exploring this topi c there are many favorable articles for the use of acupuncture for chronic pain, specifically sensory deficit of touch. According to Clinical Psychologist White (2000), many Americans are seeking alternative therapies for any area associated with chronic pain such as acupuncture. Acupuncture systematically treats the mind as well as the body when used by professional psychologists. The â€Å"medical field has started embracing this new field of integrative medicine† (p. 671), and there have been wonderful results. Burke, Upchurch, Dye, Chyu ( 2006), conducted a survey on the use of acupuncture in the United States. Its objective was to establish that acupuncture has become an important provider-based complementary and alternative medicine treatment. The findings in relation to chronic pain were â€Å"A large number of respondents (44. 0%) indicated that they used acupuncture because conventional medicine would not help treat their health condition, supporting the role of acupuncture as an alternative medicine† (p. 645). Acupuncture has also been shown to be a beneficial approach in reducing chronic pain, and specifically the sensory deficit of touch. In a review of the literature on acupuncture and pain, Eshkevari (2003) found that: (1) acupuncture could, in fact, be viewed as a useful therapeutic modality in the management of chronic pain (p. 366), (2) acupuncture causes the release of endorphin substances (p. 367), (3) acupuncture reduces norepinephrine levels in certain brain areas and blood circulation, accompanied by a rise in pain threshold (p. 367). Basically, Eshkevari is saying that there is mounting evidence of acupunctures effectiveness. There was a study done by Sood, Sood, Bauer, Ebbert (2005), on the Cochrane systematic review of acupuncture. This study consisted of the controlled trials in acupuncture across different topic areas and journals with the common subject of chronic pain. After the review it was concluded t hat that diversity exists in the comprehensiveness of the data on acupuncture. Even though there is data to suspect its effectiveness, according to Sood, Sood, Bauer, Ebbert, â€Å"This diversity makes reviews prone to bias and adds another layer of complexity in interpreting the acupuncture literature† (p. 19). Sood, Sood, Bauer, Ebbert, are insisting that the systematic reviews are not reliable. With all of these facts mounting, the JRRD (2007) sums up many discrepancies, They state, â€Å"Although many studies have documented the efficacy of acupuncture for pain and other medical conditions, understanding how it works within a Western medical paradigm remains challenging† (p. 215). The JRRD’s point is that there is still a lack of concrete evidence that acupuncture is an effective therapeutic treatment for the chronic pain associated with the sensory deficit of touch. Evaluation The articles that I presented and the books reviewed for the most seem to in dicate that acupuncture is an effective means of reducing or eliminating chronic pain associated with the sensory deficit of touch. The articles and books I used seem to support and even advocate the use of acupuncture. However, there are differing perspectives in the field of psychology which I have not been able to ascertain and include in this paper. In order for me to be more conclusive there has to be more studies, articles and books to support this subject. Included in this paper were articles and studies on the prevalent use of acupuncture in Western alternative medicine. Acupuncture is being used in all areas and many medical physicians are becoming proficient in its use. It is felt that acupuncture can and should become an integral part of the health care system. Overall, I feel as if I have made some serious headway in discovering the use of acupuncture in the therapeutic treatment of the sensory deficit of touch. However, I believe there is much more to be learned abou t how it relieves chronic pain, and more specifically the pain associated with the sensory deficit of touch. Conclusion This topic of acupuncture and its effectiveness on the chronic pain of the sensory deficit touch is very close to my heart. I suffer from the deficit of touch and understand the chronic pain which is experienced. I have personally tried acupuncture to relieve the pain but it proved unsuccessful for me, as did many other treatments. From my research of the subject there is evidence that some do feel as if the use of acupuncture violates or contradicts the Christian worldview. As with most every controversial subject there are pro and con opinions. Some Christians may have an aversion to using acupuncture because of its origin. According to the John Mark Ministries as written by Croucher (2005), â€Å"There is evidence that acupuncture works for a few painful conditions and there are suggestions for a rational scientific basis such that no belief need be place d in Eastern religion. I do not believe acupuncture necessarily involves the occult at all, though as in all alternative treatments I advise caution about the therapist. † In making this comment, Croucher argues that there needs to be careful scrutiny of the practitioner. Steve Godwin (2005) writing for Watchman Fellowship, Inc. has stated, â€Å"The religious basis for traditional acupuncture should cause Christians to exercise caution when considering acupuncture treatment. The main point to remember is that we should use discernment when investigating any medical treatment, because any treatment based on a false worldview can be harmful not only physically but spiritually as well. † The before two opinions advise caution in who you allow to perform this procedure. However, a more negative opinion is offered by Let Us Reason Ministries (2009). They state, â€Å"As Christians we should not seek practitioners who offer metaphysical cures that manipulate invisible energy. The acupuncture theory is incompatible with both scientific evidence and diametrically opposed to the Christian world view of the human body and spirit. The Bible never describes energy zones or meridians in the human anatomy. † This last statement I find contrary to my personal beliefs. Using all the research books, articles, and journals, I have come to the conclusion that acupuncture provides some viability to the relief of chronic pain in all areas, and specifically the sensory deficit of touch. Although I feel that it does work, it is limited to only certain patients. Some patients have no relief from acupuncture. I speak from personal experience that it doesn’t work on all patients. Even though acupuncture treatments can conjure up mystery, there is still some usefulness as a healing presence, and this can depend on the practitioner. Giving some insight in to the healing presence, Jonas, Crawford (2004) tell us , â€Å"Religious and spiritual traditi ons from all cultures and all times describe the spiritual or loving presence of the faithful contributor of healing. In addition, the common belief that some individuals are highly effective healers, independent of whether they use a ritual, prayer, needle, pill or knife, perpetuates the common belief that a special â€Å"presence† can exude from certain practitioners. This presence is capable of inducing an experience of recovery wholeness, peace or well-being in people who suffer. Acupuncture is nothing more than a very ancient form of healing, and in healing there is God’s presence in the midst. God puts those He would have in place with the gift of healing. 1 Cor. 2:28 says, â€Å"And in the church God has appointed first of all apostles, second prophets, third teachers, then workers of miracles, also those having gifts of healing, those able to help others, those with gifts of administration, and those speaking in different kinds of tongues† (NIV) I tru ly believe that there is nothing contrary to God’s word in the use of acupuncture, and if we are diligent in seeking the best practitioner to administer this treatment it does not defy Christian beliefs. I am inclined to believe that this is the correct Christian worldview. Thus, I answer the question, â€Å"Is acupuncture an effective therapeutic treatment for the chronic pain associated with the sensory deficit of touch? † Yes, for some it is. I also am made aware, through the research, that great strides are being made to further the use of acupuncture as a viable tool in the everyday health care field. References Angier, N. (2008, December 9). Primal, acute and easily duped: our sense of touch. The New York Times, Section D; Column 0; Science Desk; BASICS; Pg. 2. Barth, D. S. (2010). Touch. World book online reference center. Retrieved April 21, 2010 from https://wf2dnvr11. webfeat. rg/YzT4O17522/url=https://www. worldbookonline. com/pl/reference Bruno, L. C. , Carnagie, J. (2001). Touch. U*x*l complete life science resource. Retrieved (2010, April 21) from https://find. galegroup. com/gvrl/infomark. do? contentSet=EBKStype=retrievetabID=T001prodID=GVRLdocID=CX3437100265source=galeuserGroupName=29081_mdplsversion=1. 0 Burke, A. , Upchurch, D. M. , Dye, C. , Chyu, L. (2006). Acupuncture use in the united states: findings from the national health interview survey. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 12(7), 639-648. Chapman, C. R. 2010). Pain. In Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia. Retrieved April 21, 2010, from Grolier Online https://gme. grolier. com. article? assetid=0218110-0 Croucher, R. (2005, March 9). Acupuncture a christian assessment. John Mark Ministries, Retrieved April 21, 2010 from https://jmm. aaa. net. au/articles/14661. htm Edwards, E. (2009, March 17). Millions embrace acupuncture, despite thin evidence. The Washington Post, HEALTH; p. HE04. Eshkevari, L. (2003). Acupuncture and pain: a review of the liter ature. American Association of Nurse Anesthetists, 71(5), 361-368. Field, T. (2003). Touch. Cambridge, Massachuetts: The MIT Press. Gatchel, R. J. , Peng, Y. B,. , Peters, M. L. , Fuchs, P. N. , Turk, D. C. (2007). The Biopsychosocial approach to chronic pain: scientific advances and future directions. Psychological Bulletin, 133(4), 581-624. Godwin, S. (2005, April). Evaluating acupuncture. Watchman Fellowship, Inc. , Retrieved April 21, 2010 from https://www. wfial. org/index. cfm? fuseaction=artNewAge. article_10 Hamilton, Dr. A. (2009, February 11). Try telling my patients that acupuncture doesnt work. Pulse, p. 22. Jonas, W. B. , ; Crawford, C. C. (2004). The Healing presence: can it be reliably measured?. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 10(5), 751-756. JRRD, . (2007). Efficacy of selected complementary and alternative medicine interventions for chronic pain. Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development, 44(11/2/2007), 195-222. Kidson, R. L. (2008). Is Acupuncture right for you?. Rochester, Vermont: Healing Arts Press. Landau, E. (2009). The Sense of touch. New York: Childrens Press. Singh, S. (2008, April 21). Dont believe the lie of the needle acupuncture is gaining credibility in medical circles, but Simon Singh is not convinced by the evidence. The Daily Telegraph (London), FEATURES; HEALTH ON MONDAY; p. 0. Sood, A. , Sood, R. , Bauer, B. A. , ; Ebbert, J. O. (2005). Cochrane systematic reviews in acupuncture: methodological diversity in database searching. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 11 (4), 719-722. Strickland, B. (2001). Touch. Gale encyclopedia of psychology. Retrieved (2010, April 21) from https://find. galegroup. com/gvrl/infomark. do? ;contentSet=EBKS;type=retrieve;tabID= T001;prodid=GVRL;docID=CX3406000641;source=gale;userGroupName=29081_ mdpls;version=1. 0 Unknown, . (2009). Acupuncture acupressure. Let Us Reason Ministries, Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Sensory Deficit of Touch, Its Pain and Acupuncture" essay for you Create order

Essay on project management - 1748 Words

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Why We Study Torism and Hospitality at University Free Essays

With the considerable growth of hospitality and tourism industry and more governments recognizing the industry’s contribution to national and local economies, a number of academic institutions have expanded degree offerings and started specializing in these disciplines (Garside 1991). Study tourism and hospitality at University are essential not only for academic advances but also for developing practical applications. Wiley (1995) argues that the success of every hotel company is conditioned by the capability of its managers to coordinate the business with the changes that characterize the modern international environment. We will write a custom essay sample on Why We Study Torism and Hospitality at University or any similar topic only for you Order Now Marketing is a required course for the University. Through study of the Marketing, the managers of hotel companies can strategically plan to direct the studing constantly searching and choosing ways to be competitive, to decide how to attract new tourists, how to keep the permanent tourists, how product to be more attractive from the competitors ones, how to position successfully on the competitive tourist market. So study Marketing at university is necessary for tourism and hospitality. Furthermore, Langbert (2002) also argues that Tourism in general and food service in particular contribute to a nation’s economic development in many ways, in addition to the immediately apparent prospects of creating jobs and boosting overall income. Food and Beverage is interesting course at University. Before go to hotel to practice, students have to pass the test about alcohol and food service. Through study the Food and Beverage, it will be improve the ability of practical, easier get job and adapt to working at hotel. So study this course at University is very important for students. In conclusion, some 6,000 new employees are needed every year to service the expanding hospitality and tourism industry, according to Failte Ireland, the national tourism development authority (Cohen, 2005). From this, it can be seen that Tourism and Hospitality personnel are in the world has been very scarce. Through study Tourism and Hospitality at University, it can be improve students quality, skills, adaptability, communication skills. Thus, students need to study Tourism and Hospitality at University and study it well. How to cite Why We Study Torism and Hospitality at University, Papers

Morrill Act Essays - 37th United States Congress,

Morrill Act The Morrill act was written in 1862 and named after the acts sponsor, Vermont congressman Justin Smith Morrill. Morrill was from then on called the father of the agricultural colleges. Under the provisions of the act, each state was granted 30,000 acres of federal land for each member of Congress representing that state. (Altogether, the states and territories received 11,367,832 acres). The lands were sold and the resulting funds were used to finance the establishment of one or more school to teach agriculture and the mechanic arts. Thought the act specifically stated that other scientific and classical studies need not be excluded, its intent was clearly to meet a rapidly industrializing nations need for trained technicians. Military training was required to be included in the curriculum of all land-grant school, and this provision led to the establishment of the Reserve Officers Training Corps, an educational program for future army, navy, and air force officers. Some states established new schools with their land-grant funds; others turned the money over to existing state or private schools to be used for the establishment of schools of agriculture and mechanics (these came to be known as A colleges). Altogether, 69 land-grant schools were founded offering programs in agriculture, engineering, veterinary medicine, and other technical subjects. Cornell University in New York , Purdue in Indiana, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Ohio state University, The University of Illinois (Urbana), and the University of Wisconsin (Madison) are among the best-known land-grant schools. With the second Morrill Act (1890), Congress began to make regular appropriations for the support of these institutions, and these appropriations were increased through subsequent legislation. Since the act withheld funds from states that refused to admit nonwhite students unless those states provided separate but equal facilities, it encouraged the foundation of black colleges. (This practice was ended by the Supreme Court decision that declared separate but equal schools to be unconstitutional.) Acts in 1847 and 1914 appropriated funds to the land-grant colleges to promote the development of scientific methods of agriculture. The influence of the land-grant colleges on American higher education has been formidable. In recent years almost one-fifth of all students seeking degrees in the United States were enrolled in land-grant institutions. Pioneering research in physics, medicine, agricultural science, and other fields has been done at land-grant colleges. Because their admissions policies were more open than most other institutions of the day, land-grant schools made it possible for women, working-class students, and students from remote areas to obtain undergraduate and professional education at low cost. Today, all states and Puerto Rico received federal grants to help support land-grant universities. The educational value of the land-grant idea has been priceless. As a result of this program, old colleges have been able to expand, and new colleges have been created American History

Early Mobilization Following a Stroke Essay

Early Mobilization Following a Stroke Essay Early Mobilization Following a Stroke Essay Issue of mobilization of patients especially those with stroke illness has been a major problem in most hospitals across the globe. The reasons attached to the said lateness have never been set, but concerns have been drawn on the same to establish the contagious situation. Lateness in mobilization sweeps out all the possible benefits if early measures were not put in place. In my essay am going to discuss the possible reasons that drive most clinicians not to take early measure upon stroke patients. The paper focuses on the challenges that face the clinicians in their professional duty and their interaction with the stroke patients (Adler Malone, 2012). Clinical care is very vital to any patient seeking assistance from a center or a personal physician. The service by the professional might be useful or not helpful depending on the urgency and availability of the same. Early mobilization of patients improves the safety of patients during treatment, but this can be dangerous especially for stroke patients. This is because these patients when under medication care normally have safety machines, which when removed during mobilizing patients may cause harm (Adler Malone, 2012). Stroke patients, however, are victims of late attention. This is because these patients undergo varied conditions of sickness and treatment thereof. The outstanding records show very high rates of lateness in the mobilization of stroke patients. This comes out because most of the patients take much longer recovery time than the expected and get neglected due to the negative mentality by the clinicians towards them. Treatment of the disease may require large cash, which may lead to seclusion of the low achievers due to limited cash dispensation. The little intervention towards the said patients by the governing forces has led to the reluctance of the counterpart in caring for the subjects. Due to all these factors, stroke patients end up finding themselves in a situation of late treatment hence the increased incidences of death among the stroke patients.

Vibram Five-Fingers Barefoot Shoes Review

Vibram Five-Fingers Barefoot Shoes Review The Vibram FiveFingers shoes take on a tricky challenge. Body mechanics can get quite complicated. Especially when it all starts with your feet. The Vibram FiveFingers shoes are a minimalist or barefoot shoe that improves your body mechanics by letting your foot work the way it should and not the way it does in a shoe. The result is a great ergonomic advantage with improved balance, agility and grip. They may look funky but they are awesome. Why Is it Different? The Vibram FiveFingers are a barefoot shoe. That is they try to mimic going barefoot while providing the protection of a shoe sole. They differ from other barefoot or minimalist shoes by giving you individual toe pockets. So you not only have a thin, responsive sole that lets you feel the ground beneath you, but you also have the use of your toes. That may not seem like much, but youd be amazed at how much your pinkie toe can do if you let it. There is a larger debate going on on whether shoes are ergonomic or healthy. There is a lot of evidence to support both sides. But Ive seen what this argument can do to your pinkie toe. Dont take it out on the pinkie toe. The problem with most shoes is that they push your outer toes in. So your pinkie toe is almost never used. It may be small but it can do a lot. The Vibram FiveFingers not only let you use your pinkie toe, but they kind of force you to. By spreading out your toes, the Vibram FiveFingers give you greater control at your base. This translates to better balance, agility and body control. It can also lead to improved posture and less hip, back and shoulder pain if you suffer from those. TO make things even better the Vibram FiveFingers are topped (or bottomed) with the legendary Vibram rubber sole perfected for rock climbing and other such activities. This means the shoes fit your foot like a second skin and have an incredible grip. It is almost like having gecko feet. Does it Deliver? These shoes deliver everything they promise. It takes very little time to get used to wearing them. And once you start you might find it hard to stop. Your body mechanics will improve. And with that so may your health and confidence. Not bad for a pair of shoes. Beneficiaries The Vibram FiveFingers shoes can benefit anyone who has learned to walk upright on two feet. Others who can benefit from this ergonomic shoe are: Runners/WalkersSwimmersFishermen/womenAcrobatsHomo Sapiens Summary The Vibram FiveFingers shoes are ingenious, well built and a phenomenal personal ergonomic enhancement. They improve your body mechanics at the starting point, your feet. And everything benefits because of that. Balance, agility and body control are all enhanced. Your hips and spine have better alignment and your heel strike (a major cause of back pain) is better. The Vibram sole on the FiveFingers is incredibly responsive and provides an unbelievable sure-footedness. The Vibram FiveFingers are available with as an open top slip on, an open top with straps, a mesh top with straps and a neoprene (wetsuit material) with straps giving you an option for almost any activity. No snow skiing model yet. Getting into them the first few times is a little difficult, but you quickly learn. Keep in mind that the Vibram FiveFingers do not offer much protection on the top. The sole is tough and as puncture resistant as any sole. But there is not much on the top the protect your foot. But it is more than actually walking barefoot.

Financial structure and macroeconomic stability Research Paper

Financial structure and macroeconomic stability - Research Paper Example However the ability of the policy makers and financial regulators to implement different rules depends upon the control they have upon reducing inflation and output volatility. The transmission of interest rate fluctuations to output levels and prices depends upon a country’s policies regarding banking and management of financial markets. For most policy makers, in majority of the nations, controlling the interest rates in the short run is considered to be most important. Policy development and interest rate changes are however effective only when they lead to an increase the level finance available to firms and individuals who are willing to invest in projects or shift consumption. In many nations it is observed that the banking system is guarded from the impact caused by monetary policies through barriers which are created by the government (Iakova & Wagner, 2001). Monetary policy which gets transmitted to the real economy and thereby impacts the lending policies of the bank requires to be altered as they hinder growth. When the government sheds the assets of the bank, they indirectly create scope for the central banks to bring about stability in output and inflation rates. Therefore establishing a control over the assets possessed by the bank is a suitable way by which it is possible to manage the macro-economic environment. The deposit insurance system is also identified as a crucial factor in the financial regulatory system which affects the economy. The absence or the presence of a deposit regulatory system affects the readiness of bank managers to undertake risks. Subsequently the access available to firms to raise finance through equity and bonds may also get affected. Financial regulators are frequently seen to use bank loans as a tool to implement monetary policies. Therefore if firms are more dependent upon banks, then the efficient implementation of

Finance for Manager (Finance) Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Finance for Manager (Finance) - Assignment Example Here the study also involves a detailed insight into the duties of the financial manager in the company and again recommendations have been developed on the basis of three main factors, i.e. aid planning, control and performance management in the future. The report also discusses the possible source of finance for the recent investment proposal that the company is currently considering. Here the main focus is on loans as a source of finance; however two more sources of finance have also been included as alternatives for the company. Before moving into the current financial condition of the company and analysis of the company, it is crucial to discuss in brief the overview of the company. Overview of Company: Jool’s Furniture was started twenty one years ago and in 1995, the company went on to becoming manufacturers of kitchen and bedroom furniture and within ten years since then, the company went on to expand and have almost 150 different furniture products. The company has gr own since then and now it majorly consists of four main divisions, i.e. Kitchen, Bedroom, Quality and Office departments. The company employs as many as over 500 employees. Although the company has received a number of options to go public, the owner Smith – Brown prefers to keep the company under his complete control hence the public offers have been declined. The next section will detail an analysis of the current financial condition based on which recommendations have been developed for the company. Jool’s Current Financial Condition: In order to conduct an analysis of the company’s financial position, ratio analysis has been adopted here. The ratios analysis has been conducted in four main types, i.e. profitability ratios, efficiency, liquidity, and financial structure. Each of these has been discussed in detail below. Profitability: Considering the net profit margin of the divisions, it has been noted that each of the divisions has shown immense difference. The table below provides a clear insight into three main ratios here, i.e. gross profit margin, net profit margin, and return on equity (Broadbent & Cullen, 2003). Profitability Ratios Year 2009 2008 2007 Â   Quality Products Division Gross Profit Margin 41.37% 40.45% 38.91% Net Profit Margin 3.36% 1.98% -9.90% Return on Equity 9.99% 5.63% -26.30% Â   Kitchen Division Gross Profit Margin 37.61% 36.20% 39.22% Net Profit Margin 3.51% 3.27% 4.97% Return on Equity 11.54% 11.65% 16.73% Â   Bedroom Division Gross Profit Margin 29.78% 31.44% 26.37% Net Profit Margin 3.22% 3.27% 2.48% Return on Equity 11.86% 13.35% 12.85% Â   Office Supplies Division Gross Profit Margin 36.97% 33.64% 38.90% Net Profit Margin 4.86% 4.64% 5.53% Return on Equity 13.38% 12.05% 13.55% Considering the return on equity, it is evident from the results that the Quality products division has seen an improvement as compared to 2007 (-26.30%), the division seems to be stabilising itself currently. The Kitchens Div ision on the other hand has been facing a decline in all of the ratios which does not provide a good insight into the performance of the division

Our Planet Needs Genetically Modified Foods :: GMOs, Genetically Modified Crops

Our Planet Needs Genetically Modified Foods Throughout the advancing technology of today, the human culture is becoming futuristic with science and all of its components. Genetically modifying foods presents positive opportunities in agriculture and human health. Furthermore, more scientifically advanced modifications that select genetically superior plants, have enhanced the yield of crops, improved storability, and increased disease resistance. To simply remove genes from one organism and transfer them to another is generally harmless if we take appropriate precautions. This often debated issue holds many objections. Moreover, one may claim that modifying genes at all is unnatural and evaluates a sufficient risk to many different organisms and species. However, the current technology we possess provides us with the capabilities to go beyond our limits. Why draw the line here? Genetically modifying foods presents positive and beneficial opportunities. In most cases, we are not eating those genes. By the time a genetically engineered corn plant has been processed into corn oil, virtually none of the genes or the proteins they produce are left in the food (Nutrition Action Healthletter, 2001). Transferring genes from one plant or animal to another provides an advantageous outcome to this production. A better resistance to weeds, pests, and diseases is produced as well as better yield and a more efficient use of land. Additionally, altering genetics in foods contributes to a better texture, flavour, and nutritional value of a product. Therefore, there is a longer shelf life and less herbicide or other chemicals are used in the production of genetically modified foods, which provides a healthier option and an increased selection for the consumer. Biotechnology is going to help solve problems that we face going into the next century such as reduction of allergi es, development of more nutritious foods, and an increased nutritional production to feed a growing population (McLaughlin, 1999). Subsequently, changing one or two genes does not make a foodstuff unacceptable. Religious and vegetarian groups would object to genes from some species, while adequate protection can be given with labelling the product. Ethically, one may argue that it is radically useless to modify foods genetically or that agriculture is already too technological and it will only progress more negatively. However, it is likely that increasing numbers of genetically modified foods will emerge in the near future with more variety of modifications and associated benefits. Generally, genetically modified foods will affect the lives of most people in the areas of food, medicine and environmental protection as it meets the modern technology of today.

Red Bull – Promotional Mix

Red bull was originally established in Thailand in 1962 under the name Krating Daeng, Red Bull was incorporated in 1984 with its head office in Austria. It is now a market leader in the energy drink segment with presence in over 130 countries and an employee base of over 3,900 worldwide. It recorded a turnover of $2.6 billion in 2006 with a whopping 300% increase in global sales as compared to the year 2000. Starting with its first international foray in the neighbouring Hungary in 1993, it has since then entered and established a foothold in various key markets like United States, Germany and United Kingdom. Through its well developed network of local subsidiaries in these and other key markets, it manages to make its products available in more than 100 countries. The brand Red Bull has a reputation of unconventional marketing strategies, first mover in the energy drinks market and a strong player in the overall functional drinks market.AdvertisingRed Bull uses many ways of advertis ing, from billboards to television adverts. Red Bull mostly focus on advertisement through the media as it reaches its primary target market of young people. Here are a few examples of red bulls advertising strategies. Their most popular and well known type of advertising is their adverts on television. They use TV adverts as it is an affective way of reaching out to the public as most people own a TV and will see the advert. This is a screen shot from the advert. It states that ‘Red Bull gives you wings'.This is a well known slogan that many people recognise red bull by.Its a very catchy slogan therefore the public are likely to remember it and buy red bull. In the advert they are trying to put across a humorous yet witty message in their adverts by suggesting that Red Bull can help you escape by giving you wings. Cartoons can convey a message far more quickly than a written notice, for example. For one thing, you don’t need to be able to read to understand a cartoon. The advert also to give their potential customers a sense of the energy red bull can give you.This is a billboard advertisement by Red Bull. Billboards are a good way of advertising as lots of people see them so its easy to catch the publics eye and try boost sales. The message in this advertisement is very clever and tries showing a scientific side to Red Bull. This is a good way of catching the publics eye as if its proven to give energy then people will buy it. This also has a sense of humour by using Einstein in the advertisement, but also he is very well known so will catch the publics eye. This can be classed as celebrity advertisement which is a very popular and effective way of advertising.Personal sellingOne of Red Bull’s most successful technique of personal selling is their wings team members. The wing team are a group of people all over the world who help promote and sell Red Bull. The team is made up of young, fun, charismatic people who attend events around the countries to represent Red Bull. Their aim is to drive product trial, win new customers and introduce existing customers to new consumption occasions. Here is an event that the Red Bull wing team have attended. This was a student fresher’s party in Bournemouth, this is ideal as their primary target market will be attending this event. They have company cars and props to catch the public eye and will always have free product trial and often giveaways, which may be stickers, caps and so on.Sales promotionRed bull is sold all around the world to, big chain supermarkets, junction shops, cafes and many more. Red Bull sales are very rare as they are the leading energy drink product in the worldHere is a sales promotion for Red Bull. It is an offer stating if you buy two large packs of Red Bull you receive a  £5 gift voucher. This will help boost the sales for Red Bull and attract more customers. It is also priced at  £5.99 as it it a pricing strategy called a psychological stra tegy. This would appeal to the customers as the product will seem cheaper, rather than if it was priced  £6.00.Public RelationsPublic relations mean that the business has done something that will catch the publics eye and cause them to talk about it. This is an article on how Red Bull dropped off cans of their energy drinks to 400 campuses by helicopter. This is good for the product as it can be seen as free advertisement. Red Bull get a lot of public relations due to events like the Red Bull Stratos and many more. Events like these help the product gets into the media and set out interest to potential customers. Red Bull uses their wing team for direct marketing. The wing team travel around the country to events and cities to promote the product. They will approach customers and tell them about the product. They will often be given a free trial of the product or other freebies, e.g. stickers.SponsorshipRed Bull have a very big range of events, athletes, that they sponsor. On thei r website they show all the athletes that they sponsor. The picture above shows some of the sports they sponsor. This includes surfing, snowboarding, skating, motocross, mountain biking and many more. All of their athletes are very successful and some best in the world in their sporting area. Sponsoring successful athletes is good for the brand as it will help promote their product. For example the athletes will have the Red Bull logo on their bike, board, car and so on. This can attract a different type of group to their product and help the product make more sales.Direct MarketingRed Bull uses direct marketing to contact other businesses directly through email and letters to promote their product. They also use it to contact businesses to use their product, e.g in shops and supermarkets. Direct marketing is more effective as it allows other businesses to feel as the business is talking only directly to them.Promotional objectivesImprove company imageRed Bull improve their company image by sponsorship and the Red Bull team. The people they sponsor are very successful and mostly famous in their career. By sponsoring these people it allows Red Bull to be recognised in a good way from followers of these people and what they do. This gives Red Bull a positive company image and allows Red Bull to be associated with positive events.Improve financial position Red Bull improves their financial position by extending the product life by bringing out new products. Red Bull has brought out Sugar Free Red Bull and Red Bull cola. This helped them widen their customers and people who appeal to Red Bull, which will help Red Bull to make more sales and generate more profit.Increase brand awareness Red Bull increase brand awareness by advertisement and many other strategies. In my opinion the most affective is holding events such as, sports competitions, festivals and parties. This allows a big variety of people to become aware of Red Bull.

Market Audit and Competition in Brazil - 3036 Words

Market Audit and Competitive Market Analysis Market Audit and Competitive Analysis Executive Summary The market audit and competitive analysis, gave us a prospective of the baby food industry in Brazil. There will be many challenges ChuChu will face when first entering the market. The biggest problem will be obtaining market share from the two major brands in Brazil Nestle (Gerber) and Danone (Danito). These two companies have had years of experience in the market as well as a well known brand image in the market. For this reason, Chuchu is prepared to innovate in many ways to gain brand recognition. First, we are partnered with one of the largest and most well-known food companies in Brazil. We discovered that Brazilians like to†¦show more content†¦Being a recognize company, with well-known brands will allow ChuChu to compete directly with the biggest baby food companies in Brazil while being able to use BRF’s distributions centers and partner retailers. In order to educate our audience, we will place â€Å"The Best for Your CHUCHU† kiosks around supermarke ts that provide parents with classes and information about organic food and the importance of the nutrients to their baby. We will have these educational bases throughout supermarkets and baby stores for around 2 months before we get our product out to the whole country. Resistance to our product might come from being a new brand as well as the word â€Å"organic.† If there is any resistance to the products, we will conduct surveys to know more about the customers that assisted to our classes and ask them for input on their point of view towards the product. . The Market The baby food industry in Brazil is highly competitive. Especially with brands from Nestle and Unilever that are the industry leaders. Since we will be joining ventures with BRF, we will have the competitive advantage of their distribution and supplier channels, as well as their brand image. 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